PROTECTION
Short Circuit Calculator
Fault current · MVA · Transformer SC · Cable impedance — IEC & NEC
I = V / Z
MVA = √3 × V × I
I = V / Z
Enter voltage and impedance to find fault current
V
Ω
—
%
Fault current
—
A
MVA fault level
—
MVA
Fault current (min)
—
A
Fault current (max)
—
A
ISC = V / Z | MVA = √3 × V × I / 1,000,000
Fault current vs impedance
Fault current decreases as impedance increases
Safety levels
- < 10 kA — Low
- 10–25 kA — Medium
- 25–50 kA — High
- > 50 kA — Very High
Risk level
—
Transformer SC
Calculate secondary fault current from transformer specs
kVA
V
%
—
V
Full load current
—
A
Fault current
—
A
MVA fault level
—
MVA
X/R ratio (est.)
—
ratio
IFL = kVA / (√3 × V) | ISC = IFL / (Z% / 100)
Transformer schematic
Fault current on secondary: ISC = IFL / (Z% / 100)
Cable impedance
Calculate cable impedance from length and gauge
AWG
ft
—
runs
Total resistance (R)
—
Ω
Reactance (X)
—
Ω
Total impedance (Z)
—
Ω
Voltage drop (per 100A)
—
V
Z = √(R² + X²) | R = ρ × L / A
Impedance vs length
Impedance increases linearly with length