Fluid Mechanics
Pipe Flow Calculator 💧 Q = A · v
Calculate flow rate, velocity, and pressure drop in pipes.
Pipe Diameter
mm
Internal diameter of the pipe
Pipe Length
m
Length of the pipe
Roughness (ε)
mm
Pipe roughness (0.045mm for commercial steel)
Fluid
Select fluid or choose Custom for manual properties
Density (ρ)
kg/m³
Fluid density (Water: 1000 kg/m³)
Dynamic Viscosity (μ)
Pa·s
Viscosity (Water: 0.001 Pa·s at 20°C)
Flow 0
Flow Rate
0 m³/s
Q = A · v
Velocity 0 m/s
Cross-Sectional Area 0 m²
Reynolds Number 0
Pressure Drop 0 Pa

📊 Detailed Breakdown

Parameter Value Unit

How the formula works

Q = A · v  |  Re = ρ · v · D / μ  |  ΔP = f · (L/D) · (ρ · v²/2)
  • Flow Rate (Q) = Cross-Sectional Area × Velocity
  • Cross-Sectional Area (A) = π × (D/2)²
  • Reynolds Number (Re) = ρ · v · D / μ (laminar: <2300, turbulent: >4000)
  • Darcy Friction Factor (f) = Colebrook equation (iterative)
  • Pressure Drop (ΔP) = f · (L/D) · (ρ · v²/2) (Darcy-Weisbach)
  • Fluid properties: Water (ρ=1000, μ=0.001), Air (ρ=1.225, μ=0.000018), Oil (ρ=900, μ=0.05)
  • Roughness: Commercial steel (0.045mm), PVC (0.0015mm), Cast iron (0.26mm)
  • Enter velocity or let the calculator determine it from flow rate